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عمومی::
واگرایی خط مشی
Oosterwaal and Torenvlied (2012) examine the implications of political conflict at the formation stage for what they call 'policy divergence' at the implementation stage.
They treat 'policy divergence' as a dependent variable 'measured by comput- ing the absolute difference between the value of the policy decision on the policy scale with the value assigned to the actions and behaviours of the relevant imple- mentation agency on the same scale' (Oosterwaal and Torenvlied, 2012: 207).
In the work described here, two issues, soft policy and policy divergence, are explored.
In other words, soft policy is sometimes a product of policy divergence, but there may be other reasons why policy is 'soft' such as deliberate commitment to delegated dis- cretion.
Oosterwaal A and Torenvlied R (2012) Policy divergence in implementation: How conflict among decisive legislators reinforces the effect of agency preferences.
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